and do not just silently use localhost: I had put a wrong LAN IP 192.168.1.39 in the server.xml's <Host name="192.168.1.39" element. Tomcat did start, but unsurprisingly, my browser couldn't connect to it. Please add a warning to the console (catalina.out) output! Only by coincidence I noticed that the server was listening on localhost
You are confusing the address attribute of the connector and the name attribute of the host. I don't see what can easily be done to detect this sort of configuration error. If you have a suggestion for a code change feel free to re-open this report and provide a patch.
see also bug 47495