HWPF supports to add a string watermark to a word document, however the watermark is horizontal, it would be nice if HWPF could add a feature to support both horizontal and rotated string watermark. I modified line 483 in XWPFHeaderFooterPolicy.java: shape.setStyle("position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:415pt;height:207.5pt;rotation:315;z-index:-251654144;mso-wrap-edited:f;mso-position-horizontal:center;mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin;mso-position-vertical:center;mso-position-vertical-relative:margin"); Then I used the new PWPF to add a watermark, the watermark is rotated. In addition, we are able to add an image watermark in a word document manually. If possible, add this feature to HWPF would be perfect. Thanks. Neil